{"id":2615,"date":"2026-01-05T13:25:31","date_gmt":"2026-01-05T10:25:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/?p=2615"},"modified":"2026-01-05T13:25:32","modified_gmt":"2026-01-05T10:25:32","slug":"tck-92-madde-nedir-ve-neden-onemlidir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/fa\/tck-92-madde-nedir-ve-neden-onemlidir\/","title":{"rendered":"TCK 92. Madde Nedir ve Neden \u00d6nemlidir?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06af\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">\u062aoggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/fa\/tck-92-madde-nedir-ve-neden-onemlidir\/#Sosyal_ve_Ekonomik_Kosullarin_Degerlendirilmesi\" >Sosyal ve Ekonomik Ko\u015fullar\u0131n De\u011ferlendirilmesi<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/fa\/tck-92-madde-nedir-ve-neden-onemlidir\/#Etkin_Pismanlik_Hukumleriyle_Iliskisi\" >Etkin Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k H\u00fck\u00fcmleriyle \u0130li\u015fkisi<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/fa\/tck-92-madde-nedir-ve-neden-onemlidir\/#Yargi_Uygulamalarinda_Zorunluluk_Hali\" >Yarg\u0131 Uygulamalar\u0131nda Zorunluluk Hali<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/fa\/tck-92-madde-nedir-ve-neden-onemlidir\/#Sikca_Sorulan_Sorular_SSS\" >\u067e\u0631\u0633\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 (\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/fa\/tck-92-madde-nedir-ve-neden-onemlidir\/#Sonuc_Ozet\" >Sonu\u00e7 \/ \u00d6zet<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu&#8217;nun &#8220;Organ veya doku ticareti&#8221; ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 91. maddesi, hukuken ge\u00e7erli r\u0131zaya dayanmaks\u0131z\u0131n organ veya doku alan, satan, sat\u0131n alan, arac\u0131l\u0131k eden ki\u015filere a\u011f\u0131r cezalar \u00f6ng\u00f6rmektedir. Ancak bu a\u011f\u0131r yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda, 92. madde, organ veya dokular\u0131n\u0131 satan ki\u015finin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu&nbsp;<strong>\u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u06cc<\/strong>&nbsp;nedeniyle bir istisna getirmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu madde, organ veya dokular\u0131n\u0131 satan ki\u015finin, genellikle \u00e7aresizlik, yoksulluk veya a\u011f\u0131r bor\u00e7 y\u00fck\u00fc gibi nedenlerle bu eyleme s\u00fcr\u00fcklendi\u011fi ger\u00e7e\u011fini kabul eder. Kanun koyucu, bu t\u00fcr durumlarda faile kar\u015f\u0131 daha insanc\u0131l bir yakla\u015f\u0131m sergileyerek, cezada indirim yap\u0131lmas\u0131na veya hatta hi\u00e7 ceza verilmemesine olanak tan\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu durum, ceza hukukunun temel ilkelerinden olan &#8220;kusurluluk&#8221; ve &#8220;orant\u0131l\u0131l\u0131k&#8221; prensipleriyle de uyumludur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sosyal_ve_Ekonomik_Kosullarin_Degerlendirilmesi\"><\/span><strong>Sosyal ve Ekonomik Ko\u015fullar\u0131n De\u011ferlendirilmesi<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">TCK 92. maddeye g\u00f6re, mahkeme, organ veya dokular\u0131n\u0131 satan ki\u015finin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu&nbsp;<strong>sosyal ve ekonomik ko\u015fullar\u0131<\/strong>&nbsp;titizlikle de\u011ferlendirmek zorundad\u0131r. Bu de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131l\u0131rken, ki\u015finin gelir durumu, ailevi sorumluluklar\u0131, sa\u011fl\u0131k durumu, bor\u00e7lar\u0131, e\u011fitim d\u00fczeyi, i\u015fsizlik durumu gibi bir\u00e7ok fakt\u00f6r g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yarg\u0131tay kararlar\u0131 da bu konuda mahkemelerin geni\u015f bir takdir yetkisine sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir i\u00e7tihatta takdiri indirim nedenleri aras\u0131nda failin ge\u00e7mi\u015fi, sosyal ili\u015fkileri, fiilden sonraki ve yarg\u0131lama s\u00fcrecindeki davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131, cezan\u0131n failin gelece\u011fi \u00fczerindeki olas\u0131 etkileri gibi hususlar\u0131n g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulabilece\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Etkin_Pismanlik_Hukumleriyle_Iliskisi\"><\/span><strong>Etkin Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k H\u00fck\u00fcmleriyle \u0130li\u015fkisi<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">TCK&#8217;da organ veya doku ticareti su\u00e7unda etkin pi\u015fmanl\u0131k h\u00fck\u00fcmleri de d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. TCK 93. maddeye g\u00f6re, organ veya dokular\u0131n\u0131 satan ki\u015fi, resmi makamlar taraf\u0131ndan haber al\u0131nmadan \u00f6nce durumu merciine haber vererek su\u00e7lular\u0131n yakalanmalar\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rsa hakk\u0131nda cezaya h\u00fckmolunmaz. Su\u00e7 haber al\u0131nd\u0131ktan sonra g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olarak su\u00e7un meydana \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na ve di\u011fer su\u00e7lular\u0131n yakalanmas\u0131na hizmet ve yard\u0131m ederse cezas\u0131nda indirim yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zorunluluk hali ile etkin pi\u015fmanl\u0131k, her ikisi de faile y\u00f6nelik cezada indirim veya ceza vermekten vazge\u00e7me imkan\u0131 sunsa da, farkl\u0131 ko\u015fullara dayan\u0131r. Zorunluluk hali, su\u00e7un i\u015flenmesine neden olan d\u0131\u015fsal fakt\u00f6rlere (sosyal ve ekonomik ko\u015fullar) odaklan\u0131rken, etkin pi\u015fmanl\u0131k, failin su\u00e7 sonras\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi i\u015fbirli\u011fi ve pi\u015fmanl\u0131k davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131na odaklan\u0131r. Her iki durum da, ceza adalet sisteminin bireyin durumunu ve eyleminin arkas\u0131ndaki motivasyonlar\u0131 daha derinlemesine anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Yargi_Uygulamalarinda_Zorunluluk_Hali\"><\/span><strong>Yarg\u0131 Uygulamalar\u0131nda Zorunluluk Hali<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yarg\u0131tay, TCK 92. maddenin uygulanmas\u0131nda, mahkemelerin somut olay\u0131n t\u00fcm \u00f6zelliklerini dikkate almas\u0131n\u0131 ve failin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu ko\u015fullar\u0131 objektif bir \u015fekilde de\u011ferlendirmesini beklemektedir. Bu, sadece failin beyanlar\u0131yla yetinmeyip, ilgili kurum ve kurulu\u015flardan (sosyal hizmetler, belediye, kaymakaml\u0131k vb.) bilgi toplanmas\u0131n\u0131, failin ekonomik durumunu g\u00f6steren belgelerin (banka hesap d\u00f6k\u00fcmleri, tapu kay\u0131tlar\u0131, gelir belgeleri vb.) incelenmesini gerektirebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mahkemeler, bu t\u00fcr durumlarda, failin organ satma eyleminin ger\u00e7ekten de bir &#8220;son \u00e7are&#8221; olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ba\u015fka alternatiflerinin bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bu eylemin ne kadar bir \u00e7aresizlik i\u00e7inde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi\u011fini ara\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu detayl\u0131 inceleme, adil bir karar verilmesi i\u00e7in kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sikca_Sorulan_Sorular_SSS\"><\/span><strong>\u067e\u0631\u0633\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 (\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>S1: Organ ticaretinde zorunluluk hali nedir?<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Organ ticaretinde zorunluluk hali, T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu&#8217;nun 92. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen bir h\u00fck\u00fcmd\u00fcr. Bu maddeye g\u00f6re, organ veya dokular\u0131n\u0131 satan ki\u015finin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu sosyal ve ekonomik ko\u015fullar g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurularak, hakk\u0131nda verilecek cezada indirim yap\u0131labilece\u011fi gibi, ceza vermekten de vazge\u00e7ilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>S2: Hangi durumlarda TCK 92. madde uygulanabilir?<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">TCK 92. madde, ki\u015finin yoksulluk, a\u011f\u0131r bor\u00e7 y\u00fck\u00fc, ailevi sorumluluklar, sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131 gibi a\u011f\u0131r sosyal ve ekonomik ko\u015fullar nedeniyle organ\u0131n\u0131 satmak zorunda kalmas\u0131 durumunda uygulanabilir. Mahkeme, bu ko\u015fullar\u0131n ki\u015finin eylemini ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkiledi\u011fini de\u011ferlendirir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>S3: TCK 92. madde ile ceza indirim oran\u0131 ne kadard\u0131r?<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">TCK 92. madde, belirli bir indirim oran\u0131 belirtmez. Cezada indirim yap\u0131l\u0131p yap\u0131lmayaca\u011f\u0131 ve ne kadar indirim yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131, somut olay\u0131n \u00f6zelliklerine ve ki\u015finin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu ko\u015fullar\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan takdir edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>S4: Ceza vermekten vazge\u00e7me ne anlama gelir?<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ceza vermekten vazge\u00e7me, mahkemenin, ki\u015finin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu sosyal ve ekonomik ko\u015fullar\u0131n o kadar a\u011f\u0131r ve \u00e7aresiz oldu\u011funa kanaat getirmesi durumunda, faile organ veya doku ticareti su\u00e7undan dolay\u0131 hi\u00e7bir ceza vermemesidir. Bu, \u00e7ok istisnai durumlarda uygulanan bir karard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>S5: TCK 92. madde ile etkin pi\u015fmanl\u0131k aras\u0131ndaki fark nedir?<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">TCK 92. madde (zorunluluk hali), su\u00e7un i\u015flenmesine neden olan sosyal ve ekonomik ko\u015fullara odaklan\u0131rken, etkin pi\u015fmanl\u0131k (TCK 93. madde), failin su\u00e7 sonras\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi i\u015fbirli\u011fi ve pi\u015fmanl\u0131k davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131na odaklan\u0131r. Her ikisi de cezada indirim veya ceza vermekten vazge\u00e7me imkan\u0131 sunabilir ancak farkl\u0131 gerek\u00e7elere dayan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sonuc_Ozet\"><\/span><strong>Sonu\u00e7 \/ \u00d6zet<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu&#8217;nun 92. maddesi, organ veya doku ticareti su\u00e7unda, organ\u0131n\u0131 satan ki\u015finin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu&nbsp;<strong>\u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u06cc<\/strong>&nbsp;nedeniyle cezada indirim yap\u0131lmas\u0131na veya ceza verilmemesine olanak tan\u0131yan \u00f6nemli bir h\u00fck\u00fcmd\u00fcr. Bu madde, ceza hukukunun insanc\u0131l y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc yans\u0131tarak, \u00e7aresizlik ve yoksulluk gibi zorlay\u0131c\u0131 nedenlerle bu su\u00e7a s\u00fcr\u00fcklenen bireylere kar\u015f\u0131 daha esnek bir yakla\u015f\u0131m sergilenmesini sa\u011flar. Mahkemeler, bu h\u00fckm\u00fc uygularken, failin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu ko\u015fullar\u0131 titizlikle de\u011ferlendirmeli ve somut olay\u0131n t\u00fcm \u00f6zelliklerini g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurarak adil bir karar vermelidir. Bu sayede, hem su\u00e7la m\u00fccadele edilir hem de bireylerin zor durumlar\u0131 g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilmez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0648\u06a9\u06cc\u0644<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu&#8217;nun &#8220;Organ veya doku ticareti&#8221; ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 91. maddesi, hukuken ge\u00e7erli r\u0131zaya dayanmaks\u0131z\u0131n organ veya doku alan, satan, sat\u0131n alan, arac\u0131l\u0131k eden ki\u015filere a\u011f\u0131r cezalar \u00f6ng\u00f6rmektedir. Ancak bu a\u011f\u0131r yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda, 92. madde, organ veya dokular\u0131n\u0131 satan ki\u015finin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu&nbsp;sosyal ve ekonomik ko\u015fullar&nbsp;nedeniyle bir istisna getirmektedir. Bu madde, organ veya dokular\u0131n\u0131 satan ki\u015finin, genellikle [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2616,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[61],"tags":[345,346],"class_list":["post-2615","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ceza-hukuku","tag-organ-veya-doku-ticareti","tag-tck-92"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2615","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2615"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2615\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2617,"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2615\/revisions\/2617"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2616"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2615"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2615"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/fa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2615"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}