{"id":2746,"date":"2026-03-02T14:44:16","date_gmt":"2026-03-02T11:44:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/?p=2746"},"modified":"2026-09-17T21:55:36","modified_gmt":"2026-09-17T18:55:36","slug":"egitim-ve-ogretim-hakkinin-engellenmesi-tck-112-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/egitim-ve-ogretim-hakkinin-engellenmesi-tck-112-nedir\/","title":{"rendered":"What is the Prevention of the Right to Education and Instruction (TCK Art. 112)?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_88 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Ba\u015fl\u0131klar<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/egitim-ve-ogretim-hakkinin-engellenmesi-tck-112-nedir\/#TCK_112_Sucunun_Sartlari_Unsurlari\" >Conditions (Elements) of the Offence under TCK Art. 112<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/egitim-ve-ogretim-hakkinin-engellenmesi-tck-112-nedir\/#TCK_112de_Hangi_Haller_Suc_Sayilir\" >Which Circumstances Constitute an Offence under TCK Art. 112?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/egitim-ve-ogretim-hakkinin-engellenmesi-tck-112-nedir\/#Egitim_ve_Ogretim_Hakkinin_Engellenmesi_Sucunun_Cezasi_TCK_112\" >Penalty for the Offence of Preventing the Right to Education and Instruction (TCK Art. 112)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/egitim-ve-ogretim-hakkinin-engellenmesi-tck-112-nedir\/#TCK_112_Kapsaminda_Korunan_Hukuki_Deger_Nedir\" >What is the Legal Interest Protected under TCK Art. 112?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/egitim-ve-ogretim-hakkinin-engellenmesi-tck-112-nedir\/#Egitim_ve_Ogretim_Hakkinin_Engellenmesi_Sucunda_Sikayet_Gerekir_mi\" >Is a Complaint Required for the Offence of Preventing the Right to Education and Instruction?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/egitim-ve-ogretim-hakkinin-engellenmesi-tck-112-nedir\/#Sikca_Sorulan_Sorular_SSS\" >Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/egitim-ve-ogretim-hakkinin-engellenmesi-tck-112-nedir\/#Sonuc_Ozet\" >Conclusion \/ Summary<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Prevention of the right to education and instruction<\/strong>, regulated under Article 112 of the Turkish Penal Code, and concerning individuals'&nbsp;<strong>participation in educational and instructional activities<\/strong>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<strong>the exercise of the right to education<\/strong>&nbsp;is a type of crime that penalizes acts that unlawfully prevent it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This crime covers not only incidents occurring within the school premises,&nbsp;<strong>the conduct of educational activities<\/strong>&nbsp;or an individual's&nbsp;<strong>access to education,<\/strong>&nbsp;but encompasses a broader scope that hinders them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"TCK_112_Sucunun_Sartlari_Unsurlari\"><\/span><strong>Conditions (Elements) of the Offence under TCK Art. 112<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Methods Required for the Constitution of the Crime: Force, Threat, or Other Unlawful Conduct<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">According to TCK Article 112, the act of prevention must be committed through one of the following methods:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Force (Use of physical coercion)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It is the use of physical force against a person. Examples:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Forcibly preventing a student from entering the school,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pushing the teacher to prevent them from entering the classroom, closing the door by force.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Threat<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Directing a person's behavior by instilling fear. Examples:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Preventing a student from attending school by saying \"I will beat you if you go to school\",<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Stating that they will suffer harm if they participate in educational activities.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Another unlawful act<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Other than force or threat, but&nbsp;<strong>unlawful<\/strong>&nbsp;actions that result in prevention. Examples:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Intentionally sabotaging a student's transportation\/service facilities,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Unlawfully blocking the school entrance,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Systematic obstructions that make participation in educational activities practically impossible.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"TCK_112de_Hangi_Haller_Suc_Sayilir\"><\/span><strong>Which Circumstances Constitute an Offence under TCK Art. 112?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Three different areas of prevention are enumerated in TCK 112\/1. Any&nbsp;<strong>of these<\/strong>&nbsp;its realization is sufficient.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>a) Impeding education and training activities<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In addition to public schools,&nbsp;<strong>educational activities of institutions such as private schools\/courses\/tutoring centers operating with the permission of public authorities<\/strong>&nbsp;are also within this scope.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Example:<\/strong>&nbsp;Unlawfully preventing a private school from conducting classes, shutting down classrooms, or preventing students from entering.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>b) Impeding a person's exercise of the right to education and training<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Here, the target is not the activity of a school;&nbsp;<strong>rather, it is an individual's right to education.<\/strong>&nbsp;may be.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Example:<\/strong>&nbsp;Unlawfully withdrawing a student from school by force, preventing them from taking an exam, or sabotaging processes such as enrollment\/transportation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>c) Impeding entry into or stay in buildings where students reside collectively<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Student dormitories and similar collective accommodation areas may be evaluated within this scope.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Example:<\/strong>&nbsp;Unlawfully preventing students from entering or leaving the dormitory, and physically obstructing their stay in the dormitory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Egitim_ve_Ogretim_Hakkinin_Engellenmesi_Sucunun_Cezasi_TCK_112\"><\/span><strong>Penalty for the Offence of Preventing the Right to Education and Instruction (TCK Art. 112)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pursuant to Article 112 of the TCK, the sanction for the crime is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Imprisonment from 2 to 5 years.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Regarding this offense, a judicial fine is not provided as an alternative sanction in the statutory text; the primary sanction is stipulated as&nbsp;<strong>imprisonment<\/strong>&nbsp;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"TCK_112_Kapsaminda_Korunan_Hukuki_Deger_Nedir\"><\/span><strong>What is the Legal Interest Protected under TCK Art. 112?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The primary values protected by this offense are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>The right to education and instruction<\/strong>&nbsp;(individual fundamental right),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The orderly conduct of the&nbsp;<strong>education and instruction service<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The security of students' access to educational institutions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Egitim_ve_Ogretim_Hakkinin_Engellenmesi_Sucunda_Sikayet_Gerekir_mi\"><\/span><strong>Is a Complaint Required for the Offence of Preventing the Right to Education and Instruction?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Since there is no expression such as \"upon complaint\" in the text of TCK 112, this crime can be investigated\u00a0<strong>without being subject to a complaint<\/strong>\u00a0ex officio. (Different procedures may arise in practice depending on the nature of the specific case and its evaluation together with other crimes.) <\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sikca_Sorulan_Sorular_SSS\"><\/span><strong>Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1) What is the crime of preventing the right to education?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Prevention of the right to education and instruction<\/strong>, pursuant to TCK 112, is preventing educational activities or a person's exercise of the right to education through duress, threats, or other unlawful conduct.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2) What is the penalty under TCK 112?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">According to TCK 112, the penalty is&nbsp;<strong>Imprisonment from 2 to 5 years<\/strong>&nbsp;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3) Does preventing a private school from conducting classes fall under TCK 112?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yes. Preventing educational activities carried out with the permission of public authorities also falls within the scope of this article.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>4) Is it a crime not to send a student to school?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If the act of \"not sending to school\"&nbsp;<strong>through duress, threats, or unlawful conduct<\/strong>&nbsp;prevents the student's right to education, it may be evaluated within the scope of TCK 112. Even if it appears to be purely a familial preference\/attitude, if the specific case involves elements such as the use of force or prevention by threat, the legal risk increases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>5) Does preventing entry to a student dormitory constitute an offense under TCK 112?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If entry to buildings where students reside collectively&nbsp;<strong>or remaining therein<\/strong>&nbsp;is prevented through force, threats, or unlawful conduct, it may arise within the scope of Article 112\/1-c of the TCK.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sonuc_Ozet\"><\/span><strong>Conclusion \/ Summary<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Regulated under Article 112 of the TCK,&nbsp;<strong>the crime of preventing the right to education and instruction<\/strong>&nbsp;;&nbsp;<strong>penalizes the prevention of educational activities, an individual's right to education, or entry\/stay in places where students reside collectively, through force, threats, or other unlawful conduct. Sanction<\/strong>&nbsp;penalizes preventing access to or staying in educational activities, an individual's right to education, or places where students reside collectively. Sanction&nbsp;<strong>Imprisonment from 2 to 5 years<\/strong>&nbsp;.&nbsp;<strong>The most critical point is that the prevention occurs through unlawful methods and de facto disrupts the right to\/activity of education.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Atty. Bat\u0131n YILMAZ <\/strong> <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>E\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretim hakk\u0131n\u0131n engellenmesi, T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu\u2019nun 112. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen ve ki\u015filerin&nbsp;e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim faaliyetlerine kat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131&nbsp;ya da&nbsp;e\u011fitim hakk\u0131n\u0131 kullanmas\u0131n\u0131&nbsp;hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 \u015fekilde engelleyen fiilleri cezaland\u0131ran bir su\u00e7 tipidir. Bu su\u00e7, yaln\u0131zca okul i\u00e7inde ya\u015fanan olaylar\u0131 de\u011fil;&nbsp;e\u011fitim faaliyetinin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesini&nbsp;veya bireyin&nbsp;e\u011fitime eri\u015fimini&nbsp;engelleyen daha geni\u015f bir alan\u0131 kapsar. TCK 112 Su\u00e7unun \u015eartlar\u0131 (Unsurlar\u0131) Su\u00e7un Olu\u015fmas\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in Aranan Y\u00f6ntemler: Cebir, Tehdit [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2747,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[61],"tags":[398,400,399],"class_list":["post-2746","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ceza-hukuku","tag-egitim-ve-ogretim-hakkinin-engellenmesi","tag-egitim-ve-ogretim-hakkinin-engellenmesi-sucunun-cezasi","tag-tck-112"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2746","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2746"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2746\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2750,"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2746\/revisions\/2750"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2747"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2746"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2746"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2746"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}