{"id":2738,"date":"2026-02-25T10:57:54","date_gmt":"2026-02-25T07:57:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/?p=2738"},"modified":"2026-09-17T21:55:39","modified_gmt":"2026-09-17T18:55:39","slug":"etkin-pismanlik-tck-110-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/etkin-pismanlik-tck-110-nedir\/","title":{"rendered":"What is Effective Remorse (TCK Art. 110)?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_88 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Ba\u015fl\u0131klar<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/etkin-pismanlik-tck-110-nedir\/#Etkin_Pismanlik_TCK_110_Sartlari_Nelerdir\" >What are the Conditions for Effective Remorse (TCK 110)?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/etkin-pismanlik-tck-110-nedir\/#Etkin_Pismanlik_TCK_110_Indirimi_Ne_Kadar\" >How Much is the Effective Remorse (TCK 110) Sentence Reduction?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/etkin-pismanlik-tck-110-nedir\/#TCK_110_Etkin_Pismanlik_Ne_Zaman_Uygulanmaz\" >When is Effective Remorse Under TCK 110 Not Applicable?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/etkin-pismanlik-tck-110-nedir\/#Sikca_Sorulan_Sorular_SSS\" >Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/etkin-pismanlik-tck-110-nedir\/#Sonuc_Ozet\" >Conclusion \/ Summary<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Effective remorse (TCK 110)<\/strong>, for the perpetrator who commits the crime of \"deprivation of liberty\" (TCK 109),&nbsp;<strong>without state coercion<\/strong>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<strong>at an early stage<\/strong>&nbsp;in the event that the victim's liberty is restored,&nbsp;<strong>a significant reduction in sentence<\/strong>&nbsp;is a special provision that can provide.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The primary purpose of this provision is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>To encourage&nbsp;<strong>the restoration of the victim's liberty<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>To prevent&nbsp;<strong>harm to the victim<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>To reward&nbsp;<strong>the perpetrator for demonstrating remorse through a concrete act<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The General Assembly of Criminal Chambers of the Yarg\u0131tay clearly establishes that effective remorse in the crime of deprivation of liberty constitutes a grounds for sentence reduction when the conditions required by law are met, and that these conditions must coexist.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Etkin_Pismanlik_TCK_110_Sartlari_Nelerdir\"><\/span><strong>What are the Conditions for Effective Remorse (TCK 110)?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In judicial practice, the most critical part of Article 110 of the TCK is the \"conditions.\" These conditions are enumerated in a standardized manner in the case law of the Yarg\u0131tay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1) The crime must be completed<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Effective remorse&nbsp;<strong>comes into question after the crime is completed.<\/strong>&nbsp;In other words, the victim's liberty must have been unlawfully restricted, even if only for a certain period of time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2) Release prior to the initiation of the investigation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The timing required by law is&nbsp;<strong>\"release prior to the initiation of the investigation regarding this crime.\"<\/strong>&nbsp;serbest b\u0131rakmad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>What does \"prior to the initiation of the investigation\" mean?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Generally&nbsp;<strong>Prior to the Office of the Public Prosecutor learning of the incident and initiating investigative proceedings.<\/strong>&nbsp;(complaint\/denunciation, law enforcement procedures, prosecutor's instructions, etc.) is understood.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In the specific case, the assessment of \"whether the investigation has commenced\";&nbsp;<strong>is made through evidence such as reports, time of denunciation, law enforcement records, prosecutor's actions<\/strong>&nbsp;.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3) No harm must be done to the person of the victim<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For effective remorse (active cooperation), the condition that&nbsp;<strong>no harm is done to the person of the victim<\/strong>&nbsp;is required.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Here, the scope of \"harm\" can be controversial in practice. Especially in cases such as the victim sustaining injuries during abduction\/detention that can be treated with simple medical intervention, some courts may not apply effective remorse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nevertheless, there are evaluations in the Yarg\u0131tay regarding&nbsp;<strong>how the condition of \"without harming his\/her person\"<\/strong>&nbsp;will be interpreted:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Therefore, the following distinction is important in practice:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ma\u011fdurun&nbsp;<strong>\u015fahs\u0131na zarar<\/strong>&nbsp;iddias\u0131 varsa, etkin pi\u015fmanl\u0131k&nbsp;<strong>automatic<\/strong>&nbsp;it would not be accurate to say that it applies.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If there are allegations of injury, threats, and ill-treatment as well as forensic reports, whether TCK 110 will apply&nbsp;<strong>somut delil durumuna<\/strong>&nbsp;is debated accordingly.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>4) Kendili\u011finden serbest b\u0131rakma<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cKendili\u011finden\u201d unsuru \u015funu ifade eder:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Fail ma\u011fduru&nbsp;<strong>since they will be apprehended, inevitably<\/strong>&nbsp;b\u0131rakmamal\u0131,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>not by the coercion of third parties,&nbsp;<strong>of his\/her own free will,<\/strong>&nbsp;must release.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The decisions of the General Assembly of Criminal Chambers and Chambers interpret the element of \"spontaneously\"&nbsp;<strong>without coercion<\/strong>&nbsp;as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>5) Release in a safe place<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The place where the victim is released:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>must not be a place that risks his\/her life\/bodily integrity,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>where he\/she cannot receive assistance,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>and where he\/she will be exposed to danger once again.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">should not be a place.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When evaluating a \"safe place,\" elements such as the isolation of the location, whether it is nighttime, the victim's age\/health, and communication availability (telephone, calling for help) gain importance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Etkin_Pismanlik_TCK_110_Indirimi_Ne_Kadar\"><\/span><strong>How Much is the Effective Remorse (TCK 110) Sentence Reduction?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">TCK 110 stipulates that when the conditions are met, the penalty may be&nbsp;<strong>\"reduced by up to two-thirds\"<\/strong>&nbsp;can be applied.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">There are two important technical points here:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>What does \"up to\" mean? (Discretionary power)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The phrase \"up to two-thirds\" grants the judge a&nbsp;<strong>discretionary margin<\/strong>&nbsp;:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Depending on the specifics of the case, the court may apply the reduction&nbsp;<strong>at a lower rate<\/strong>&nbsp;as well,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If the conditions are not met, it may not be applied at all.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Upon which sentence is the reduction calculated?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>First, the basic\/aggravated form of the offense is determined (TCK Art. 109\/1, 109\/2, 109\/3, etc.).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Then, if the conditions under TCK Art. 110 are met, the reduction is evaluated over this sentence.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"TCK_110_Etkin_Pismanlik_Ne_Zaman_Uygulanmaz\"><\/span><strong>When is Effective Remorse Under TCK 110 Not Applicable?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The following situations frequently lead to the conclusion that \"effective remorse shall not apply\" in practice:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Release after the initiation of the investigation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If the time requirement stipulated by the law is missed, the reduction under TCK Art. 110 may not apply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Infliction of bodily harm upon the victim<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If evidence such as medical reports, witnesses, camera footage, or text messages supports the \"harm to the person,\" the court may deny the reduction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Release out of necessity rather than voluntarily<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Release upon seeing law enforcement arrive with the intent to flee,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Release in panic upon realizing apprehension is imminent,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Release through the intervention of third parties<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">such circumstances render the \"voluntary\" element debatable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>If the safe place criterion is not met<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If the victim is left in a risky place, the conditions for effective remorse may not be fulfilled.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>According to the Court of Cassation, Conditions for Effective Remorse Must Be Met Concurrently<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The main principle in the decisions of the General Assembly of Criminal Chambers and chambers is as follows:<br>Effective remorse is like a \"package\"; the conditions must&nbsp;<strong>individually<\/strong>&nbsp;not, but rather&nbsp;<strong>altogether<\/strong>&nbsp;enumerated individually in the law must take place.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This approach is consistent in both the CGK 2011\/231 decision and subsequent CGK decisions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sikca_Sorulan_Sorular_SSS\"><\/span><strong>Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1) What is effective remorse (TCK Article 110)?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the crime of deprivation of liberty (TCK Article 109), it is the provision that provides a sentence reduction if the perpetrator&nbsp;<strong>before the investigation begins<\/strong>,&nbsp;<strong>automatically<\/strong>,&nbsp;<strong>in a safe place<\/strong>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<strong>without harming the victim's person<\/strong>&nbsp;releases the victim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2) How much is the effective remorse reduction?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If the conditions are met, a reduction of&nbsp;<strong>up to two-thirds<\/strong>&nbsp;may be applied to the sentence. The rate of the reduction is determined by the court based on the specific circumstances of the case.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3) What does \"voluntary release\" mean?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It is the release of the victim by the perpetrator without any pressure or coercion,&nbsp;<strong>of his\/her own free will,<\/strong>&nbsp;and without being subjected to any obligation such as apprehension. Yarg\u0131tay explains this as \"without the presence of any coercion.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>4) How is a \"safe place\" understood?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It is evaluated as a place that does not risk the victim's life\/health, where they can receive help, and where they will not be endangered again. Factors such as location and time (nighttime\/desolation) are taken into consideration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>5) Does effective remorse apply if the victim sustains minor injuries?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This issue may be controversial in practice. In some rulings, the condition of \"without causing bodily harm\" can be interpreted narrowly or broadly. Therefore, the forensic medical report and how the incident occurred are decisive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>6) If the victim is released after the investigation has commenced, does effective remorse apply?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">With respect to TCK 110,&nbsp;<strong>the time condition<\/strong>&nbsp;is important. Release after the investigation has commenced may not be deemed sufficient in most cases regarding the TCK 110 sentence reduction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sonuc_Ozet\"><\/span><strong>Conclusion \/ Summary<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Effective remorse (TCK 110)<\/strong>, in the offense of deprivation of personal liberty (TCK 109) in favor of the perpetrator&nbsp;<strong>a significant sentence reduction<\/strong>&nbsp;may provide.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The conditions for the reduction must be met concurrently:&nbsp;<strong>the crime must have been consummated<\/strong>, the victim&nbsp;<strong>before the investigation begins<\/strong>,&nbsp;<strong>automatically<\/strong>,&nbsp;<strong>in a safe place<\/strong>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<strong>without sustaining any harm to the victim's person<\/strong>&nbsp;must be released.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>According to the Yarg\u0131tay, particularly&nbsp;<strong>\"voluntarily\"<\/strong>,&nbsp;<strong>\"safe place\"<\/strong>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<strong>\"time condition\"<\/strong>&nbsp;are decisive in practice.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Most critical emphasis:<\/strong>&nbsp;<strong>If any of the conditions are missing, the TCK 110 reduction may not be applied.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For more information <strong>0532 669 34 90<\/strong> and <a href=\"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/iletisim\/\">https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/iletisim\/<\/a>&nbsp;you can contact us via our addresses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Atty. Bat\u0131n YILMAZ <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Etkin pi\u015fmanl\u0131k (TCK 110), \u201cki\u015fiyi h\u00fcrriyetinden yoksun k\u0131lma\u201d su\u00e7unu (TCK 109) i\u015fleyen failin,&nbsp;devletin zorlamas\u0131 olmaks\u0131z\u0131n&nbsp;ve&nbsp;erken a\u015famada&nbsp;ma\u011fdurun \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc iade etmesi halinde,&nbsp;cezas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir indirim&nbsp;sa\u011flayabilen \u00f6zel bir d\u00fczenlemedir. Bu d\u00fczenlemenin temel amac\u0131 \u015fudur: Yarg\u0131tay Ceza Genel Kurulu, ki\u015fiyi h\u00fcrriyetinden yoksun k\u0131lma su\u00e7unda etkin pi\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n, kanunun arad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fartlar ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011finde cezada indirim sebebi oldu\u011funu ve bu \u015fartlar\u0131n birlikte bulunmas\u0131 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2542,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[61],"tags":[395,394],"class_list":["post-2738","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ceza-hukuku","tag-etkin-pismanlik","tag-tck-110"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2738","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2738"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2738\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2741,"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2738\/revisions\/2741"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2542"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2738"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2738"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/batinyilmaz.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2738"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}